Unusual subpolar North Atlantic phytoplankton bloom in 2010: Volcanic fertilisation or North Atlantic Oscillation?

Henson, Stephanie A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3875-6802; Painter, Stuart C.; Holliday, N. Penny ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9733-8002; Stinchcombe, Mark C.; Giering, Sarah L.C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3090-1876. 2013 Unusual subpolar North Atlantic phytoplankton bloom in 2010: Volcanic fertilisation or North Atlantic Oscillation? Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 118 (10). 4771-4780. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20363

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20363

Abstract/Summary

In summer and autumn 2010, a highly anomalous phytoplankton bloom, with chlorophyll concentration more than double that of previous years, was observed in the Irminger Basin, southwest of Iceland. Two unusual events occurred during 2010 which had the potential to promote the unusual bloom. First, in spring 2010, the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland erupted, depositing large quantities of tephra into the subpolar North Atlantic. Second, during the winter of 2009/2010 the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) became extremely negative, developing into the second strongest negative NAO on record. Hydrographic conditions were highly anomalous in the region, with an influx of freshwater spreading through the basin, and unusual nutrient and mixed layer depth conditions. Here we use a combination of satellite, modeled and in situ data to investigate whether the input of iron from the volcanic eruption or change in hydrographic conditions due to the extreme negative NAO were responsible for the anomalous phytoplankton bloom. We conclude that changes in physical forcing driven by the NAO, and not the volcanic eruption, stimulated the unusual bloom.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20363
ISSN:	21699275
Additional Keywords:	satellite ocean color; spring bloom; interannual variability; freshwater anomaly
Date made live:	03 Oct 2013 10:37 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/503395

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20363

ISSN:

21699275

Additional Keywords:

satellite ocean color; spring bloom; interannual variability; freshwater anomaly

Date made live:

03 Oct 2013 10:37 +0 (UTC)

URI:

https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/503395