Trace metal budgets for forested catchments in Europe - Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu and Zn

Bringmark, Lage; Lundin, Lars; Augustaitis, Algirdas; Beudert, Burkhard; Dieffenbach-Fries, Helga; Dirnbock, Thomas; Grabner, Maria-Theresia; Hutchins, Mike ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3764-5331; Kram, Pavel; Lyulko, Iraida; Ruoho-Airola, Tuija; Vana, Milan. 2013 Trace metal budgets for forested catchments in Europe - Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu and Zn. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 224 (4), 1502. 14, pp. 10.1007/s11270-013-1502-8

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Abstract/Summary

Input/output budgets for cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) in the years 1997–2011 were monitored and determined for 14 small forest-covered catchments across Europe as part of the Integrated Monitoring program on the effects of long-range pollutants on ecosystems. Metal inputs were considered to derive from bulk deposition, throughfall and litterfall. Outputs were estimated from run-off values. Litterfall plus throughfall was taken as a measure of the total deposition of Pb and Hg (wet + dry) on the basis of evidence suggesting that, for these metals, internal circulation is negligible. The same is not true for Cd. Excluding a few sites with high discharge, between 74 and 94 % of the input Pb was retained within the catchments; significant Cd retention was also observed. High losses of Pb (>1.4 mg m−2 year−1) and Cd (>0.15 mg m−2 year−1) were observed in two mountainous Central European sites with high water discharge. All other sites had outputs below or equal to 0.36 and 0.06 mg m−2 year−1, respectively, for the two metals. Almost complete retention of Hg, 86–99 % of input, was reported in the Swedish sites. These high levels of metal retention were maintained even in the face of recent dramatic reductions in pollutant loads.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	10.1007/s11270-013-1502-8
Programmes:	CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Biogeochemistry > BGC Topic 1 - Monitoring and Interpretation of Biogeochemical and Climate Changes > BGC - 1.1 - Monitor concentrations, fluxes, physico-chemical forms of current and emerging pollutants ...
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Boorman (to September 2014)
ISSN:	0049-6979
Additional Keywords:	lead, cadmium, mercury, forested catchment, Europe, deposition, retention
NORA Subject Terms:	Ecology and Environment Agriculture and Soil Science
Date made live:	15 Mar 2013 10:48 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/500454

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