Predicting contamination by the fuel additive cerium oxide engineered nanoparticles within the United Kingdom and the associated risks
Johnson, Andrew C. 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-3764; Park, Barry.
2012
Predicting contamination by the fuel additive cerium oxide engineered nanoparticles within the United Kingdom and the associated risks.
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 31 (11).
2582-2587.
https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.1983
Abstract/Summary
As a fuel additive, cerium oxide nanoparticles may become widely dispersed throughout the environment. Commercial information from the UK on the use of cerium oxide nanoparticles was used to carry out a modelling and risk assessment exercise. Discharge from exhausts took into account the likely removal by filters fitted to these vehicles. For predicting current soil exposure, scenarios were examined which ranged from dispersion occurring across the entire UK landmass, to only within the urban area, to only 20 m either side of road networks. For soils, the highest predicted contamination level was 0.016 mg/kg within 20 m of a road following seven years of continuous deposition. This value would represent 0.027% of reported natural background cerium. If usage was to double for a further 5 years, levels would not be expected to exceed 0.04 mg/kg. River water contamination considered direct aerial deposition and indirect contamination via runoff in the water and entrained soil sediment, with the highest level of 0.02 ng/L being predicted. The highest predicted water concentration of 300 ng/L was associated with water draining from a road surface, assuming a restricted deposition spread. These predictions are well below most toxicological levels of concern.
| Item Type: | Publication - Article |
|---|---|
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI): | https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.1983 |
| Programmes: | CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Biogeochemistry > BGC Topic 3 - Managing Threats to Environment and Health > BGC - 3.1 - Develop temporally and spatially explicit risk assessment tools ... CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Biogeochemistry > BGC Topic 3 - Managing Threats to Environment and Health > BGC - 3.3 - Deliver effective advice, models and applied science ... CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Water > WA Topic 2 - Ecohydrological Processes > WA - 2.1 - Identify and quantify sources, fluxes and pathways of water, chemicals ... |
| UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas: | Acreman |
| ISSN: | 0730-7268 |
| Additional Keywords: | environment, modelling, nanoparticles, cerium dioxide, soil |
| NORA Subject Terms: | Ecology and Environment Chemistry |
| Date made live: | 31 Oct 2012 16:18 +0 (UTC) |
| URI: | https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/20156 |
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