Trees improve water storage and reduce soil evaporation in agroforestry systems on bench terraces in SW Uganda

Siriri, D.; Wilson, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5706-5874; Coe, R.; Tenywa, M.M.; Bekunda, M.A.; Ong, C.K.; Black, C.R.. 2013 Trees improve water storage and reduce soil evaporation in agroforestry systems on bench terraces in SW Uganda. Agroforestry Systems, 87 (1). 45-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-012-9520-x

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Official URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10457-...

Abstract/Summary

The success of agroforestry in semi-arid areas depends on efficient use of available water and effective strategies to limit tree/crop competition and maximise productivity. On hillsides, planting improved tree fallows on the degraded upper section of bench terraces is a recommended practice to improve soil fertility while cropping continues on the lower terrace to maintain food production. This study examined the influence of tree fallows on soil water content (θ w ) and evaporation (E s ). Alnus acuminata Kunth (alnus), Calliandra calothyrsus Meissner (calliandra), Sesbania sesban L. (sesbania), a mixture of all three species, or sole crops (beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) or maize (Zea mays L.)) were grown on the upper terrace. The same sole crops were grown on the lower terrace. Four management regimes (unpruned, root, shoot and root + shoot pruned) were applied to the tree rows adjacent to the cropping area. Neutron probe and microlysimeter approaches were used to determine θ w and E s when the trees were c. 3.5 years old. Sesbania and alnus increased θ w by 9–18 % in the cropping area on the lower terrace but calliandra reduced θ w by 3–15 %. After heavy rain, E s comprised 29–38 % of precipitation in the tree-based treatments and 53 % under sole crops. Absolute values declined as rainfall decreased, but E s as a proportion of rainfall increased to 39–45 % in the tree-based treatments and 62 % for sole crops. Root + shoot pruning of alnus and the tree mixture increased θ w in the cropping area but had no significant effect in the other tree-based treatments. The results suggest that sesbania and alnus can be planted on smallholdings without compromising water supply to adjacent crops, whereas calliandra decreased water availability despite reducing E s . These results provide a mechanistic understanding of reported effects on crop yield in the same site.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-012-9520-x
Programmes:	CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Water > WA Topic 3 - Science for Water Management
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Watt
ISSN:	0167-4366
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	The original publication is available at http://link.springer.com
Additional Keywords:	Alnus acuminata Kunth, Calliandra calothyrsus Meissner, improved fallows, root and shoot pruning, Sesbania sesban L., soil water storage
NORA Subject Terms:	Ecology and Environment Agriculture and Soil Science
Date made live:	25 Sep 2012 08:39 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/19705

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-012-9520-x

Programmes:

CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Water > WA Topic 3 - Science for Water Management

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Watt

ISSN:

0167-4366

Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:

The original publication is available at http://link.springer.com