De-conjugation behavior of conjugated estrogens in the raw sewage, activated sludge and river water

Kumar, Vimal; Johnson, Andrew C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1570-3764; Nakada, Norihide; Yamashita, Naoyuki; Tanaka, Hiroaki. 2012 De-conjugation behavior of conjugated estrogens in the raw sewage, activated sludge and river water. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 227-228. 49-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.078

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.078

Abstract/Summary

The fate and behavior of estrone-3-sulphate (E1-3S), estradiol-3-sulphate (E2-3S), estrone-3-glucuronide (E1-3G) and estradiol-3-glucuronide (E2-3G) were studied in raw sewage, activated sludge and river water using microcosms, and these results were compared with observations at three sewage treatment plants. The glucuronide conjugates had a half-life of 0.4 h in raw sewage, yielding 40-60% of their free estrogens. Field observations suggested complete transformation of the glucuronide conjugates in the sewer. In river water glucuronide conjugate half-lives extended to over two days yielding 60-100% of their free parent estrogens. Transformation of the sulphate conjugates in raw sewage and river water was slow with little formation of the parent estrogens. Sulphate conjugates could readily be detected in sewage influent in the field studies. In activated sludge the sulphate conjugates had half lives of 0.2 h with the transient formation of 10-55% of the free parent estrogens. Field studies indicated transformation of sulphate conjugates across the sewage treatment, although a proportion escaped into the effluent. These results broadly support the view that glucuronide conjugates will be entirely transformed within the sewer largely to their parent estrogens. The sulphate conjugates may persist in raw sewage and river water but are transformable in activated sludge and, in the case of E2-3S, reform a high proportion of the parent estrogen.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.078
Programmes:	CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Water > WA Topic 2 - Ecohydrological Processes > WA - 2.1 - Identify and quantify sources, fluxes and pathways of water, chemicals ...
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Acreman
ISSN:	0304-3894
Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:	The attached document is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Hazardous Materials. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Hazardous Materials, 227-228. 49-54. 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.078 www.elsevier.com/
Additional Keywords:	de-conjugation, glucuronide conjugates, sulfate conjugates, sewer, activated sludge, natural estrogens
NORA Subject Terms:	Ecology and Environment Hydrology Chemistry
Date made live:	16 Jul 2012 10:36 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/18654

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.078

Programmes:

CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Water > WA Topic 2 - Ecohydrological Processes > WA - 2.1 - Identify and quantify sources, fluxes and pathways of water, chemicals ...

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Acreman

ISSN:

0304-3894

Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:

The attached document is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Hazardous Materials. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Hazardous Materials, 227-228. 49-54. 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.078 www.elsevier.com/

Additional Keywords:

de-conjugation, glucuronide conjugates, sulfate conjugates, sewer, activated sludge, natural estrogens

NORA Subject Terms:

Ecology and Environment
Hydrology
Chemistry

Date made live:

16 Jul 2012 10:36 +0 (UTC)

URI:

https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/18654