Anti-androgens act jointly in suppressing spiggin concentrations in androgen-primed female three-spined sticklebacks: prediction of combined effects by concentration addition

Pottinger, T.G.; Katsiadaki, I.; Jolly, C.; Sanders, M.; Mayer, I.; Scott, A.P.; Morris, S.; Kortenkamp, A.; Scholze, M.. 2013 Anti-androgens act jointly in suppressing spiggin concentrations in androgen-primed female three-spined sticklebacks: prediction of combined effects by concentration addition. Aquatic Toxicology, 140-141. 145-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.05.020

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.05.020

Abstract/Summary

Increasing attention is being directed at the role played by anti-androgenic chemicals in endocrine disruption of wildlife within the aquatic environment. The co-occurrence of multiple contaminants with anti-androgenic activity highlights a need for the predictive assessment of combined effects, but information about anti-androgen mixture effects on wildlife is lacking. This study evaluated the suitability of the androgenised female stickleback screen (AFSS), in which inhibition of androgen-induced spiggin production provides a quantitative assessment of anti-androgenic activity, for predicting the effect of a four component mixture of anti-androgens. The anti-androgenic activity of four anti-androgens (vinclozolin, fenitrothion, flutamide, linuron) was evaluated from individual concentration-response data and used to design a mixture containing each chemical at equipotent concentrations. Across a 100-fold concentration range, a concentration addition approach was used to predict the response of fish to the mixture. Two studies were conducted independently at each of two laboratories. By using a novel method to adjust for differences between nominal and measured concentrations, good agreement was obtained between the actual outcome of the mixture exposure and the predicted outcome. This demonstrated for the first time that androgen receptor antagonists act in concert in an additive fashion in fish and that existing mixture methodology is effective in predicting the outcome, based on concentration-response data for individual chemicals. The sensitivity range of the AFSS assay lies within the range of anti-androgenicity reported in rivers across many locations internationally. The approach taken in our study lays the foundations for understanding how androgen receptor antagonists work together in fish and is essential in informing risk assessment methods for complex anti-androgenic mixtures in the aquatic environment.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.05.020
Programmes:	CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Water
UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:	Parr
ISSN:	0166-445X
Additional Keywords:	anti-androgen, Gasterosteus aculeatus, mixture effects, concentration addition, pesticides, endocrine disruption
NORA Subject Terms:	Biology and Microbiology Zoology Ecology and Environment
Date made live:	11 Jun 2013 09:06 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/17290

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.05.020

Programmes:

CEH Topics & Objectives 2009 - 2012 > Water

UKCEH and CEH Sections/Science Areas:

Parr

ISSN:

0166-445X

Additional Keywords:

anti-androgen, Gasterosteus aculeatus, mixture effects, concentration addition, pesticides, endocrine disruption