Sedimentology, stratigraphy and glacier dynamics, western Scottish Highlands

Golledge, Nicholas. 2007 Sedimentology, stratigraphy and glacier dynamics, western Scottish Highlands. Quaternary Research, 68 (1). 79-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.03.003

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Abstract/Summary

Glacial sediments of the western Scottish Highlands are comprehensively described and characterized here for the first time, enabling the first glacial stratigraphy for the area to be proposed. This classification is based on the results of extensive geological mapping and field investigation of sedimentary sequences and their structures, X-ray diffraction and particle size distribution analyses, and comparison with deposits formed in contemporary glaciated environments. These new data are subsequently appraised in terms of their implications for late Pleistocene glacier evolution and dynamics. Together, the data suggest that much of the landscape is palimpsest, and can be attributed to the Weichselian (Late Devensian) glaciation. Subsequent glacier advance during the Younger Dryas did little to modify the area, suggesting that ice flow was dominated by sliding on a meltwater-lubricated rigid bed, with deformation of basal sediments playing a more limited role. Final deglaciation was marked by a significant increase in basal meltwater flux, reflecting the warming climate and increasing precipitation. These new palaeoglaciological and palaeoenvironmental insights advance our understanding of former glacier dynamics in the western Scottish Highlands, improve our knowledge of Pleistocene landscape evolution of this area, and enable comparisons to be made with sedimentary sequences elsewhere.

Item Type:	Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI):	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.03.003
Programmes:	BGS Programmes > Geology and Landscape Northern
ISSN:	0033-5894
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Additional Keywords:	Scotland, Stratigraphy, Palaeoglaciology, Glacier dynamics
NORA Subject Terms:	Earth Sciences
Related URLs:	http://geolib.bgs.ac.uk/cgi-bin/w24.sh?o...
Date made live:	22 Aug 2008 08:33 +0 (UTC)
URI:	https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/1494

Item Type:

Publication - Article

Digital Object Identifier (DOI):

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2007.03.003

Programmes:

BGS Programmes > Geology and Landscape Northern

ISSN:

0033-5894

Additional Information. Not used in RCUK Gateway to Research.:

Agassiz, 1841 L. Agassiz, On glaciers, and the evidence of their having once existed in Scotland, Ireland, and England, Proceedings of the Geological Society of London 3 (1841), pp. 327–332. Alley, 2000 R.B. Alley, The Younger Dryas cold interval as viewed from central Greenland, Quaternary Science Reviews 19 (2000), pp. 213–226. Article | PDF (306 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (79) Alley and MacAyeal, 1994 R.B. Alley and D.R. MacAyeal, Ice-rafted debris associated with binge purge oscillations of the Laurentide Ice-Sheet, Paleoceanography 9 (1994), pp. 503–511. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (106) Alley et al., 1997 R.B. Alley, K.M. Cuffey, E.B. Evenson, J.C. Strasser, D.E. Lawson and G.J. Larson, How glaciers entrain and transport basal sediment: physical constraints, Quaternary Science Reviews 16 (1997), pp. 1017–1038. Abstract | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (76) Anderson et al., 2002 J.B. Anderson, S.S. 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Benn, Fluted moraine formation and till genesis below a temperate valley glacier—Slettmarkbreen, Jotunheimen, southern Norway, Sedimentology 41 (1994), pp. 279–292. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (64) Benn and Ballantyne, 2005 D.I. Benn and C.K. Ballantyne, Palaeoclimatic reconstruction from Loch Lomond Readvance glaciers in the West Drumochter Hills, Scotland, Journal of Quaternary Science 20 (2005), pp. 577–592. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (20) Benn and Evans, 1996 D.I. Benn and D.J.A. Evans, The interpretation and classification of subglacially deformed materials, Quaternary Science Reviews 15 (1996), pp. 23–52. Abstract | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (137) Benn and Lukas, 2006 D.I. Benn and S. Lukas, Younger Dryas glacial landsystems in western Scotland: possible modern analogues and palaeoclimatic implications, Quaternary Science Reviews 25 (2006), pp. 2390–2408. 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Gordon, Editor, Reflections on the ice age in Scotland: an update on Quaternary Studies, Scottish Association of Geography Teachers and Scottish Natural Heritage (1997), pp. 45–58. Clark, 1997 C.D. Clark, Reconstructing the evolutionary dynamics of former ice sheets using multi-temporal evidence, remote sensing and GIS, Quaternary Science Reviews 16 (1997), pp. 1067–1092. Abstract | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (52) Clark et al., 2004 C.D. Clark, D.J.A. Evans, A. Khatwa, T. Bradwell, C.J. Jordan, S.H. Marsh, W.A. Mitchell and M.D. Bateman, Map and GIS database of glacial landforms and features related to the last British Ice Sheet, Boreas 33 (2004), pp. 359–375. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (21) Clayton et al., 1989 L. Clayton, D.M. Mickelson and J.W. Attig, Evidence against pervasively deformed bed material beneath rapidly moving lobes of the southern Laurentide Ice-Sheet, Sedimentary Geology 62 (1989), pp. 203–208. Abstract | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (28) Dansgaard et al., 1993 W. Dansgaard, S.J. Johnsen, H.B. Clausen, D. Dahl-Jensen, N.S. Gundestrup, C.U. Hammer, C.S. Hvidberg, J.P. Steffensen, A.E. Sveinsbjörnsdottir, J. Jouzel and G. Bond, Evidence for general instability of past climate from a 250-kyr ice-core record, Nature 364 (1993), pp. 218–220. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (1437) Evans et al., 2006 D.J.A. Evans, E.R. Phillips, J.F. Hiemstra and C.A. Auton, Subglacial till: formation, sedimentary characteristics and classification, Earth-Science Reviews 78 (2006), pp. 115–176. Article | PDF (10033 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (15) Evans et al., 2005 D.J.A. Evans, C.D. Clark and W.A. Mitchell, The last British Ice Sheet: a review of the evidence utilised in the compilation of the Glacial Map of Britain, Earth-Science Reviews 70 (2005), pp. 253–312. Article | PDF (3368 K) | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (9) Eyles and Miall, 1984 N. Eyles and A.D. Miall, Glacial facies. In: R.G. Walker, Editor, Facies Models. Geoscience Canada Reprint Series, no. 1, Geological Association of Canada (1984), pp. 15–38. Eyles et al., 1984 N. Eyles, A.D. Miall and C.H. Eyles, Lithofacies types and vertical profile models—An alternative approach to the description and environmental interpretation of glacial diamict and diamictite sequences—Reply, Sedimentology 31 (1984), pp. 891–898. Full Text via CrossRef Fountain and Walder, 1998 A.G. Fountain and J.S. Walder, Water flow through temperate glaciers, Reviews of Geophysics 36 (1998), pp. 299–328. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (109) Geikie, 1863 A. Geikie, On the glacial drift of Scotland, Transactions of the Geological Society of Glasgow 1 (1863), pp. 1–190. Glasser, 2002 N.F. 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Additional Keywords:

Scotland, Stratigraphy, Palaeoglaciology, Glacier dynamics

NORA Subject Terms:

Earth Sciences

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