Diversity by stages,,,,,,,,,,,, Geography,Taxonomy,Diversity index,Fortunian,Stage 2,Stage 3,Stage 4,Stage 5,Drumian,Guzhangian,Paibian,Jiangshanian,Stage 10 global,species,sampled-in-bin,37,13,102,93,126,57,27,71,50,158 ,,total,47,28,106,104,131,74,58,86,68,171 ,,total without singletons,30,28,74,91,105,59,54,69,61,98 ,,normalized,30,25.5,61,77.5,80,55,49,57,53.5,104 ,,singletons,17,0,32,13,26,15,4,17,7,73 ,,crossovers,13,23,16,51,29,36,40,28,39,37 ,,origination,10,5,46,29,25,5,13,16,17,42 ,,extinction,7,0,12,11,51,18,1,25,5,19 ,,turnover,17,5,58,40,76,23,14,41,22,61 ,,origination rate,0.833333333333333,625,6.57142857142857,5.8,5.55555555555556,1.25,3.71428571428571,5.33333333333333,3.77777777777778,10.2439024390244 ,,extinction rate,0.583333333333333,0,1.71428571428571,2.2,11.3333333333333,4.5,0.285714285714286,8.33333333333333,1.11111111111111,4.63414634146342 ,,turnover rate,1.41666666666667,625,8.28571428571429,8,16.8888888888889,5.75,4,13.6666666666667,4.88888888888889,14.8780487804878 ,genera,sampled-in-bin,35,14,52,47,51,32,18,37,28,62 ,,total,55,47,66,66,70,61,63,69,68,90 ,,total without singletons,52,47,63,62,67,61,62,69,68,84 ,,normalized,45.5,47,52.5,60,62,59,60,62,65.5,78.5 ,,singletons,3,0,3,4,3,0,1,0,0,6 ,,crossovers,36,47,39,54,54,57,57,55,63,67 ,,origination,11,0,16,7,6,1,4,8,5,16 ,,extinction,5,0,8,1,7,3,1,6,0,1 ,,turnover,16,0,24,8,13,4,5,14,5,17 ,,origination rate,0.9166666667,0,2.2857142857,1.4,1.3333333333,0.25,1.1428571429,2.6666666667,1.1111111111,3.9024390244 ,,extinction rate,0.4166666667,0,1.1428571429,0.2,1.5555555556,0.75,0.2857142857,2,0,0.243902439 ,,turnover rate,1.3333333333,0,3.4285714286,1.6,2.8888888889,1,1.4285714286,4.6666666667,1.1111111111,4.1463414634 ,studies per stage,,7,3,18,15,18,10,6,10,11,18 Baltica,species,sampled-in-bin,6,6,62,77,74,,15,12,29,100 ,,total,6,9,62,78,75,,16,20,32,100 ,,total without singletons,4,9,48,66,54,,12,16,27,23 ,,normalized,,6,34,56,39,,9.5,16,22, ,,singletons,2,0,14,12,21,,4,4,5,77 ,,crossovers,,3,6,34,3,,3,12,12, ,,origination,,5,40,20,0,,9,4,11, ,,extinction,,1,2,12,51,,0,0,4, ,,turnover,,6,42,32,51,,9,4,15, ,,origination rate,,0.625,5.7142857143,4,0,,2.5714285714,1.3333333333,2.4444444444, ,,extinction rate,,0.125,0.2857142857,2.4,11.3333333333,,0,0,0.8888888889, ,,turnover rate,,0.75,6,6.4,11.3333333333,,2.5714285714,1.3333333333,3.3333333333, ,genera,sampled-in-bin,4,5,34,39,38,,10,8,19,53 ,,total,4,8,34,39,39,,21,20,30,53 ,,total without singletons,4,8,31,39,36,,20,20,30,30 ,,normalized,,6,20.5,33,27,,17.5,19.5,25, ,,singletons,0,0,3,0,3,,1,0,0,23 ,,crossovers,,4,7,27,15,,14,19,20, ,,origination,,4,23,9,0,,5,1,10, ,,extinction,,0,1,3,21,,1,0,0, ,,turnover,,4,24,12,21,,6,1,10, ,,origination rate,,0.5,3.2857142857,1.8,0,,1.4285714286,0.3333333333,2.2222222222, ,,extinction rate,,0,0.1428571429,0.6,4.6666666667,,0.2857142857,0,0, ,,turnover rate,,0.5,3.4285714286,2.4,4.6666666667,,1.7142857143,0.3333333333,2.2222222222, ,studies per stage,,1,2,9,9,5,,2,1,3,6 Gondwana,species,sampled-in-bin,,,,13,20,43,15,26,32,78 ,,total,,,,13,20,43,18,26,33,78 ,,total without singletons,,,,3,14,21,15,17,28,25 ,,normalized,,,,,11.5,23,13,17,21, ,,singletons,,,,10,6,22,3,9,5,53 ,,crossovers,,,,,3,3,8,8,9, ,,origination,,,,,11,7,5,4,16, ,,extinction,,,,,0,11,2,5,3, ,,turnover,,,,,11,18,7,9,19, ,,origination rate,,,,,2.4444444444,1.75,1.4285714286,1.3333333333,3.5555555556, ,,extinction rate,,,,,0,2.75,0.5714285714,1.6666666667,0.6666666667, ,,turnover rate,,,,,2.4444444444,4.5,2,3,4.2222222222, ,genera,sampled-in-bin,,,,16,18,25,12,14,20,35 ,,total,,,,16,21,26,18,19,24,35 ,,total without singletons,,,,10,20,23,17,17,22,21 ,,normalized,,,,,14.5,17.5,15,15.5,18.5, ,,singletons,,,,6,1,3,1,2,2,14 ,,crossovers,,,,,8,9,12,12,13, ,,origination,,,,,10,5,3,2,8, ,,extinction,,,,,2,9,2,3,1, ,,turnover,,,,,12,14,5,5,9, ,,origination rate,,,,,2.2222222222,1.25,0.8571428571,0.6666666667,1.7777777778, ,,extinction rate,,,,,0.4444444444,2.25,0.5714285714,1,0.2222222222, ,,turnover rate,,,,,2.6666666667,3.5,1.4285714286,1.6666666667,2, ,studies per stage,,,,,2,5,6,3,6,5,9