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Robert Mossman, Endurance and the Weddell Sea ice

Burton, Robert; King, John C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3315-7568. 2016 Robert Mossman, Endurance and the Weddell Sea ice. Polar Record, 52 (262). 92-97. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0032247415000285

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This article has been accepted for publication and will appear in a revised form in Polar Record, published by Cambridge University Press. Copyright Cambridge University Press.
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Abstract/Summary

Before Shackleton arrived at South Georgia aboard Endurance on 5 November 1914 he was aware that the vessel might meet bad pack-ice in the Weddell Sea. This had been forecast on the basis of climate analysis by Robert Mossman, the meteorologist on the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition (1902–1904), who was currently working at the Argentine Meteorological Office. Mossman was interested in teleconnections linking meteorological and oceanic conditions in widely separated places and had studied the links between the Weddell Sea and South America. Mossman's Antarctic data were mainly records from the Orcadas station in the South Orkneys which had operated continuously from 1903. He found a correlation between extensive pack-ice in the Weddell Sea and plentiful rain in a belt across South America that included Buenos Aires. The experiences of Endurance supported this. Modern studies of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) broadly confirm Mossman's conclusions.

Item Type: Publication - Article
Digital Object Identifier (DOI): https://doi.org/10.1017/S0032247415000285
Programmes: BAS Programmes > BAS Programmes 2015 > Atmosphere, Ice and Climate
ISSN: 0032-2474
Date made live: 15 Jun 2015 10:41 +0 (UTC)
URI: https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/511035

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